Chronic constipation means having ongoing difficulty passing stool or having bowel movements less often than usual. It can cause discomfort, bloating, and disruption to daily life.

Gout is a type of arthritis caused by uric acid crystals building up in a joint. It can cause sudden, intense pain, swelling, and redness, often in the big toe.

Healthy volunteer studies include people who do not have the condition being studied. Their participation helps researchers learn more about the safety, dosing, and effects of potential treatments.

Heart failure prevention focuses on managing health risks such as high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and heart disease. Taking action early may help protect the heart and delay or prevent heart failure.

Type 2 diabetes affects how the body uses insulin and manages blood sugar. Ongoing care can help control blood sugar and lower the risk of serious health problems.

High cholesterol means there is too much cholesterol in the blood. Over time, it can contribute to buildup in the arteries, so managing it is an important part of heart health.

Hot flashes are sudden feelings of warmth that may include sweating or skin flushing. They are common during menopause and may interrupt sleep or daily activities.

Hypothyroidism happens when the thyroid does not make enough hormones. It may cause tiredness, weight changes, sensitivity to cold, or a slower feeling in the body.

Flu vaccines help protect against seasonal influenza and its complications. Researchers continue to study new vaccine options that may offer broader or longer-lasting protection.

Low testosterone happens when the body does not make enough of this important hormone. It may cause low energy, mood changes, reduced muscle strength, or changes in body composition.

Menstrual migraines are migraine attacks linked to hormone changes during the menstrual cycle. They may be intense, last longer, or be harder to manage than other migraines.

Migraine is a neurological condition that can cause repeated headaches along with nausea, sensitivity to light or sound, or vision changes. Symptoms may range from mild to severe.

Obesity is a long-term health condition involving excess body fat. It can raise the risk of other health concerns, and research is exploring new ways to support weight and overall health.

Knee osteoarthritis happens when the cushioning cartilage in the knee wears down over time. It can cause pain, stiffness, swelling, and difficulty moving.

RSV is a respiratory virus that can cause serious illness, especially in infants, older adults, and people with certain health conditions. RSV vaccines are designed to lower the risk of severe illness.

Type 2 diabetes and obesity are closely connected and can affect heart and overall health. Researchers are studying treatments that may support both blood sugar and weight management.